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Touching an antenna during transmission primarily creates the risk of RF burn to the skin. When the transmitter is active, the antenna emits high levels of radio frequency energy. If a person touches the antenna, they can experience a direct transfer of this energy, which can lead to burns similar to what might occur with microwaves.

Unlike electrocution, which is associated with electrical shock from AC or DC voltage, RF burns are specifically related to the thermal effects of radio frequency radiation. Radiation poisoning is also not a concern in this scenario, as it pertains to ionizing radiation, which is different from the non-ionizing radiation produced by radio waves.

It's important for Amateur Radio operators to understand the dangers of RF exposure, especially the potential for burns, so they can take adequate precautionary measures when working with transmitting equipment.